*Pastras, Philip James. "A Clear Field: The Idea of Improvisation in Modern Poetry". Ph.D. dissertation, Rutgers University, 1981. 211 leaves. Dissertation Abstracts International 42.4 (Oct. 1981): 1626A. DAI No.: 8122110.

The dissertation examines the idea of improvisation as reflected in the work of four modern poets: Walt Whitman, William Carlos Williams, Odysseas Elytis and Yannis Ritsos.